{"id":2866,"date":"2019-01-09T11:50:14","date_gmt":"2019-01-09T03:05:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/?p=2866"},"modified":"2019-01-09T11:55:12","modified_gmt":"2019-01-09T03:10:12","slug":"lemna-%e6%b7%b1%e5%ba%a6%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e5%9c%a8%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%8f%af%e8%a7%a3%e9%87%8a%e6%80%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/?p=2866","title":{"rendered":"LEMNA: \u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u90ed\u6587\u535a\uff08 \u5bbe\u5915\u6cd5\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\uff09\uff0cJun Xu\uff08Stevens Institute of Technology\uff09<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b80\u4ecb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u4e0a\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u6df1\u5ea6\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5728\u6076\u610f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u805a\u7c7b\uff0c\u9006\u5411\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f51\u7edc\u5165\u4fb5\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u4ece\u4e1a\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4f9d\u65e7\u5341\u5206\u614e\u91cd\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u8bad\u7ec3\u800c\u6210\u5e76\u4e14\u5b58\u5728\u4e0a\u767e\u4e07\u4e2a\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u79cd\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u96be\u7406\u89e3\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u8bf8\u5982\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fe1\u4efb\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u4ee5\u53ca\u65e0\u6cd5\u6709\u6548\u5224\u65ad\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u589e\u5f3a\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u900f\u660e\u6027\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u63a2\u7d22\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u89e3\u8bfb\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u96be\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u91ca\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u91ca\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5728\u56fe\u50cf\u5206\u6790\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u88ab\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u5e38\u662fConvolutional 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(MLP)\u3002\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u89e3\u91ca\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7528\u4e8eRNN\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u62e5\u6709\u6a21\u7cca\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u56fe\u50cf\u8bc6\u522b\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u7cbe\u5ea6\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5206\u6790\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u504f\u5dee\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u8bef\u89e3\u6216\u8005\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u578b\u7684\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u89e3\u91ca\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c5e\u4e8e\u9ed1\u76d2\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u6837\u672c<strong><b>x<\/b><\/strong>\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982RNN\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u53bb\u53d1\u73b0\u90a3\u4e9b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f52\u7c7b<strong><b>x<\/b><\/strong>\u8d77\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e<strong><b>x<\/b><\/strong>\u9644\u8fd1\u533a\u57df\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\u751f\u6210\u5c40\u90e8\u62df\u5408\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u62df\u5408\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u5ea6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u5047\u8bbe\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5047\u8bbe\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u501f\u7528\u6df7\u5408\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u8fd1\u4f3c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7fused lasso\u6765\u52a0\u5f3a\u89e3\u91ca\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u5bf9\u4e8e\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u62df\u5408\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u65b9\u9762fused lasso \u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6293\u4f4f\u4e0d\u540c\u7279\u5f81\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u9610\u8ff0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u79f0\u4e3aLEMNA (Local Explanation Method using Nonlinear Approximation) [1]\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u91ca\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5229\u7528LEMNA\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\uff1aPDF malware\u7684\u805a\u7c7b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u51fd\u6570\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u5206\u522b\u662f\u901a\u8fc710000 \u4e2aPDF\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca2200\u4e2a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u8fbe\u5230\u4e8698.6%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06LEMNA\u7528\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u805a\u7c7b\u7ed3\u679c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u6307\u6807\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\u8868\u660e\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0cLEMNA\u663e\u8457\u7684\u4f18\u4e8e\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u51c6\u786e\u5ea6\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u5206\u6790\u5458\u548c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5c06\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u53d7\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8981\u5e26\u6765\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u8d21\u732e:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e76\u4e14\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86LEMNA, \u4e00\u79cd\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u91ca\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ed3\u5408\u6df7\u5408\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u4ee5\u53cafused lasso\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u4e0a\u8bc4\u6d4b\u4e86LEMNA\uff0c\u5305\u62ecPDF\u6076\u610f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u805a\u7c7b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8fb9\u754c\u786e\u5b9a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u6307\u6807\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u91ca\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u5ea6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u663e\u793aLEMNA\u663e\u8457\u7684\u4f18\u4e8e\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6211\u4eec\u8bba\u8bc1\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6076\u610f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0cLEMNA\u90fd\u9610\u91ca\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u4f1a\u505a\u51fa\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6216\u8005\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u53d8\u6210\u4fee\u6b63\u6a21\u578b\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u65b9\u6848\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72471.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2869 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72471.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"554\" height=\"272\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u80cc\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u6280\u672f\u7ec6\u8282\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5bf9\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8ba8\u8bba\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u6280\u672f\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5229\u7528\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u8fdb\u884c\u7b80\u4ecb\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u6280\u672f\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u95ee\u9898\u5b9a\u4e49 <\/b><\/strong>\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u7ed9\u51fa\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165 <strong><b>x<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u7c7b\u5668 C\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\u4f1a\u7ed9 <strong><b>x<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e <strong><b>y<\/b><\/strong>\u3002\u89e3\u91ca\u6280\u672f\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u9610\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48<strong><b>x<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u88ab\u5206\u7c7b\u6210<strong><b>y<\/b><\/strong>\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u6807\u5b9a\u4f7f\u5f97\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\u7ed9\u51fa\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6027\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u91ca\u3002Figure\u00a01\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u56fe\u50cf\u5206\u7c7b\u4ee5\u53ca\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u62e9\u7279\u5f81\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u7a81\u51fa\u5173\u952e\u50cf\u7d20\u548c\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff09\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e3b\u8981\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u89e3\u91ca\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a\u9ed1\u76d2\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5177\u4f53\u8bb2\u8ff0\u9ed1\u76d2\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72472.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2870 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72472.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"567\" height=\"485\" srcset=\"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72472.png 667w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72472-300x257.png 300w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72472-175x150.png 175w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72472-150x129.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 567px) 100vw, 567px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u9ed1\u76d2\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u8bf8\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u7b49\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\u89c6\u4e3a\u9ed1\u76d2\u5b50\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff08\u5373\u6a21\u578b\u63a8\u65ad\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u522b\u91cc\u9762\u6700\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f LIME [2]\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u00a0<strong><b>x<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0(\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fe\u7247)\uff0c LIME\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u7684\u6270\u52a8<strong><b>x<\/b><\/strong>\u6765\u4ece<strong><b>x<\/b><\/strong>\u7684\u90bb\u8fd1\u7279\u5f81\u533a\u57df\u91cc\u9762\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u65b0\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u6837\u672c \uff08\u6bd4\u5982 Figure\u00a02\u4e2d\u7684<strong><b>x \u2032 <\/b><\/strong>\u548c<strong><b>x \u2032\u2032<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u5de5\u6837\u672c\u653e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5206\u7c7b\u5668 f(x)\u00a0\u91cc\u9762\u53bb\u83b7\u53d6\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6837\u672c\uff0c \u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b g(x) \u6765\u62df\u5408\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a g(x) \u8bd5\u56fe\u53bb\u6a21\u62dff(x)\u5728\u7279\u5f81\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u6837\u672c\u9644\u8fd1\u533a\u57df\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u3002LIME\u5047\u8bbe\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u6837\u672c\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u51b3\u7b56\u533a\u95f4\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7528\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u5c40\u90e8\u4ee3\u8868 f(x) \u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u662f\u53ef\u81ea\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64LIME\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u56de\u5f52\u7cfb\u6570\u6765\u6807\u5b9a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u89e3\u91ca\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u867d\u7136\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u4e0a\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6f5c\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5374\u6781\u5ea6\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u7684\u7f3a\u4e4f\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u4ece\u4e1a\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fe1\u4efb\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5173\u952e\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b89\u5168\u4ece\u4e1a\u8005\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bca\u65ad\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7578\u5f62\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u4e2d\u88ab\u653e\u5927\u4e86\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e24\u4e2a\u6210\u529f\u4f7f\u7528\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6027\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u4e24\u7c7b\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\uff1a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\u9006\u5411\u548c\u6076\u610f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u805a\u7c7b\u3002\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5e94\u7528\u5305\u62ec\u5bfb\u627e\u51fd\u6570\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u4f3c\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0cShin\u00a0[4] \u4ed6\u4eec\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cc\u5411\u7684RNN\u6765\u6539\u8fdb\u51fd\u6570\u8fb9\u754c\u5bfb\u627e\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6076\u610f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528MLP\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6076\u610f\u6837\u672c\u805a\u7c7b\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72473.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2871 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72473.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"614\" height=\"116\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u5229\u7528\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5e94\u7528\u6709\u6781\u5927\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u5728 Table 1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u884c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u6280\u672f\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4e3a\u7528\u4e8e\u56fe\u7247\u805a\u7c7b\u7684CNN\u800c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fRNN\u6216\u8005MLP\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u7684\u3002\u8bf8\u5982LIME\u7684\u9ed1\u76d2\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u652f\u6301RNN\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u50cfLIME\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7684\u9ed1\u76d2\u65b9\u6cd5\u5047\u8bbe\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u662f\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662fRNN\u8ddf\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5047\u8bbe\u662f\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aRNN\u660e\u786e\u5730\u4f1a\u6355\u6349\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u6bd4\u5982LIME\uff09\u5047\u8bbe\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\u662f\u6709\u5c40\u90e8\u7ebf\u6027\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c40\u90e8\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0d\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\uff08\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u590d\u6742\u7f51\u7edc\u800c\u8a00\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002Figure 3a \u4e2d\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c<strong><b>x<\/b><\/strong>\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u3002\u6362\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6781\u5ea6\u5730\u7ea6\u675f\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u7684\u533a\u57df\u5185\u90e8\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u53d6\u6837\u65b9\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u5c31\u4f1a\u91c7\u6837\u5230\u8d85\u8d8a\u7ebf\u6027\u533a\u57df\u7684\u6837\u672c\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u6027\u6a21\u578b\u5f88\u96be\u62df\u5408 <strong><b>x <\/b><\/strong>\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u6837\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u62df\u5408\u4f1a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u964d\u4f4e\u89e3\u91ca\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9ed1\u76d2\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u6765\u8bb2\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u5f88\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u4f53\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u548c\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6709\u4e9b\u767d\u76d2\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f3a\u884c\u5728\u9ed1\u76d2\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e0\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72474.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2872 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72474.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"295\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7740\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e13\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ed1\u76d2\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u652f\u6301\u8bf8\u5982 RNN\uff0c MLP\uff0c\u548cCNN\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6765\u652f\u6301\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u89e3\u91ca\u6a21\u578b\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u6a21\u578b <\/b><\/strong>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e76\u4e14\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86LEMNA\u3002\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u76ee\u6807\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u5f53\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed1\u76d2\u5b50\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u578b\u62df\u5408\u6765\u63a8\u5bfc\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0cLEMNA\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f15\u5165 Fused Lasso \u6765\u5904\u7406\u7279\u5f81\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06Fused Lasso \u878d\u5165\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6df7\u5408\u7ebf\u6027\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u6765\u62df\u5408\u5c40\u90e8\u975e\u7ebf\u5f62\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u652f\u6301\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u8ba8\u8bba\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u8ba1\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u539f\u7406\u3002\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8bb2\u8ff0\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6574\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u6765\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u7279\u5f81\u4f9d\u8d56\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c40\u90e8\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528LEMNA\u6765\u5f97\u5230\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>Fused Lasso<\/b><\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7279\u5f81\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\u9879\uff0c\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5904\u7406\u50cfRNN\u4e00\u7c7b\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0cFused Lasso\u8feb\u4f7fLEMNA\u5c06\u76f8\u5173\/\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u4ea7\u751f\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u4e00\u4e2aloss function <strong><b>L(f (x),y)<\/b><\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u9884\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u4e0d\u76f8\u4f3c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4eceN\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b f (x) = \u03b2x + \u03f5\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) \u6765\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72475.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2873 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72475.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"469\" height=\"84\" srcset=\"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72475.png 469w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72475-300x54.png 300w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72475-250x45.png 250w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72475-150x27.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 469px) 100vw, 469px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c X<sub>i <\/sub>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bad\u7ec3\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u88ab\u8868\u793a\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u7ef4\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u5411\u91cf \uff08x<sub>1<\/sub>,x<sub>2<\/sub>,\u2026x<sub>m<\/sub>\uff09<sup>T<\/sup>\u3002X<sub>i <\/sub>\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u8868\u793a\u4e3ay<sub>i<\/sub>\u3002\u5411\u91cf\u03b2=(\u03b2<sub>1<\/sub>,\u03b2<sub>2<\/sub>,\u2026\u03b2<sub>m<\/sub> )\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ebf\u6027\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u00a0\u2225\u00a0\u00b7 \u2225\u00a0\u662fL2\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u6765\u5ea6\u91cf\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u4e0d\u76f8\u4f3c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002Fused Lasso\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u60e9\u7f5a\u9879\u5f15\u5165\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4ee5\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0cFused Lasso\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cfb\u6570\u65bd\u52a0\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72476.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2874 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72476.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"470\" height=\"158\" srcset=\"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72476.png 470w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72476-300x101.png 300w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72476-250x84.png 250w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72476-150x50.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 470px) 100vw, 470px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0cFused Lasso\u00a0\u5f3a\u5236\u4f7f\u5f97\u76f8\u90bb\u7279\u5f81\u95f4\u7684\u7cfb\u6570\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u5728\u4e00\u4e2aS\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60e9\u7f5a\u9879\u9a71\u4f7f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u8d4b\u4e88\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u3002\u76f4\u89c2\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u9a71\u4f7f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u805a\u5408\u4e00\u7ec4\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636e\u7279\u5f81\u7fa4\u7ec4\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u5206\u6790\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u5e8f\u5217\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528RNN\u6765\u5bf9\u7279\u5f81\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u4f9d\u636e\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u5171\u5b58\u6765\u505a\u51fa\u5206\u7c7b\u51b3\u7b56\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u6bd4\u5982 LIME\uff09\u6765\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u62df\u5408\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c40\u90e8\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u5c06\u7279\u5f81\u72ec\u7acb\u5bf9\u5f85\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u6355\u6349\u5230\u7279\u5f81\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u62df\u5408\u5c40\u90e8\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165Fused Lasso, \u6211\u4eec\u671f\u5f85\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u6a21\u578b\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72477.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2875 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72477.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"541\" height=\"47\" srcset=\"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72477.png 541w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72477-300x26.png 300w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72477-250x22.png 250w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72477-150x13.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 541px) 100vw, 541px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u7279\u5f81\u88ab\u7fa4\u7ec4\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u9009\u53d6\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u8005\u591a\u4e2a\u7fa4\u7ec4\u3002\u5177\u8c61\u7684\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21\u7684LEMNA\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662fRNN\u6240\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7Figure 1\u4e2d\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e2a\u601d\u8def\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u5165Fused Lasso, \u4e00\u4e2a\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u5c06\u4e00\u8d77\u8003\u8651\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u90bb\u5355\u8bcd\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u63a8\u5bfc\u89e3\u91ca\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u518d\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6293\u4f4f\u5355\u8bcd \u201cnot\u201d\uff0c \u540c\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u80fd\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u6293\u4f4f\u77ed\u8bed\u201cnot worth the price\u201d\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>Mixture Regression Model <\/b><\/strong>\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u62df\u5408\u5c40\u90e8\u975e\u7ebf\u5f62\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u5982Figure\u00a03b \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6df7\u5408\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u6027\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u5f97\u62df\u5408\u66f4\u52a0\u6709\u6548\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72478.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2876 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72478.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"433\" height=\"83\" srcset=\"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72478.png 433w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72478-300x58.png 300w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72478-250x48.png 250w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72478-150x29.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 433px) 100vw, 433px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c<strong><em><b><i>K <\/i><\/b><\/em><\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d85\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u6df7\u5408\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u7ebf\u6027\u90e8\u4ef6\u7684\u603b\u4e2a\u6570\u3002\u03c0<em><sub>k<\/sub><\/em>\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u90e8\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u4e00\u4e2a\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u6709\u7740\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6df7\u5408\u6a21\u578b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd1\u4e4e\u5b8c\u7f8e\u5730\u62df\u5408\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\uff08\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u9650\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u6a21\u578b\uff09\u3002\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6df7\u5408\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u66f4\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9610\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e2a\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528Figure 3\u4e2d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u5982\u8be5\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u62df\u5408\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8f93\u5165<strong><b>x<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u6837\u672c\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u7ebf\u6027\u5c40\u90e8\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u8f7b\u6613\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u62df\u5408\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f4e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982 Figure\u00a03b\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u8fb9\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u6765\u62df\u5408\u5c40\u90e8\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\uff08\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u76f4\u7ebf\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\uff09\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u597d\u7684\u62df\u5408\u662f\u7a7f\u8fc7\u6570\u636e\u70b9 <strong><b>x<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u7684\u7ea2\u7ebf\u3002\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u62df\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u597d\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u6a21\u578b\u6784\u5efa <\/b><\/strong>\u6211\u4eec\u628aFused\u00a0Lasso\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6b63\u5219\u9879\u52a0\u5230mixture\u00a0regression\u00a0model\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f30\u8ba1\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6c42\u89e3\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72479.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2877 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72479.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"438\" height=\"136\" srcset=\"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72479.png 438w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72479-300x93.png 300w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72479-250x78.png 250w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u72479-150x47.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 438px) 100vw, 438px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d<em><i>f<\/i><\/em>\u662fregression\u00a0mixture\u00a0model\uff0c\u03b2\u662f\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6c42\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u671f\u671b\u6700\u5927\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08E-M\uff09\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528EM\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u6a21\u578b\u7b49\u4ef7\u6539\u5199\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724710.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2878 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724710.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"358\" height=\"70\" srcset=\"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724710.png 358w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724710-300x59.png 300w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724710-250x49.png 250w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724710-150x29.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 358px) 100vw, 358px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\u03c0\uff0c\u03b2\uff0c\u03c3<sup>2<\/sup>\u662f\u9700\u8981\u4f30\u8ba1\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u9996\u5148\u6211\u4eec\u968f\u673a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u91cd\u590d\u8fdb\u884cEM\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684E\u6b65\u548cM\u6b65\u76f4\u5230\u7b97\u6cd5\u6536\u655b\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e0b\u5177\u4f53\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u516c\u5f0f\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c<strong><b>y<\/b><\/strong>\u670d\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531K\u4e2aGaussian\u00a0distribution\u7ec4\u6210\u7684distribution\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2aGaussian\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684mean\uff08\u03b2\uff09\u548cvariance\u00a0\uff08\u03c3<sup>2<\/sup>\uff09\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e2d\u9996\u5148\u8fdb\u884cE\u6b65\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u70b9\u5206\u914d\u5230\u4e00\u4e2aGaussian\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u7684EM\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684E\u6b65\u3002\u5b8c\u6210E\u6b65\u540e\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u914d\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2aGaussian\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u65b0\u5b83\u7684mean\u548cvariance\u3002\u66f4\u65b0variance\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6807\u51c6EM\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u52a0\u4e86Fused\u00a0Lasso\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u9879\u5728mean\u4e0a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u66f4\u65b0mean\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u6c42\u89e3\u5982\u4e0b\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724711.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2879 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724711.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"160\" srcset=\"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724711.png 482w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724711-300x100.png 300w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724711-250x83.png 250w, http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724711-150x50.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 482px) 100vw, 482px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u91cd\u590dE\u6b65\u548cM\u6b65\u76f4\u5230\u6a21\u578b\u6536\u655b\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u8f93\u51fa\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u5e94\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u5230\u89e3\u91ca<\/b><\/strong><strong><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u672c\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u89e3\u91ca\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\u89e3\u91ca\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u6b65\uff1a\u8fd1\u4f3c\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u9645\u548c\u751f\u6210\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u5173\u952e\u662f\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u9645\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u77e5\u805a\u7c7b\u8be5\u6837\u672c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u4f7f\u7528 [2] \u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u7ec4\u4eba\u5de5\u6837\u672c\u3002\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u76ee\u6807\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u9645\u3002\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6a21\u62df\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6df7\u5408\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u7c7b\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u662f\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6df7\u5408\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u8003\u8651\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u6837\u672c\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\u6293\u53d6\u76ee\u6807\u6a21\u578b\u805a\u7c7b\u8be5\u6837\u672c\u65f6\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6df7\u5408\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\uff08mixture\u00a0component\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u62e5\u6709\u5927\u7cfb\u6570\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u4f5c\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7279\u5f81\u4f5c\u4e3a\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c 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<\/b><\/strong>\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\u9006\u5411\u5c06\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\u9006\u5411\u6210\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6076\u610f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u5f3a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u8865\u4e01\u90fd\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5206\u6790\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5206\u6790\u5458\u624b\u5de5\u5206\u6790\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u73b0RNN\u5728\u9006\u5411\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u53d1\u73b0\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u68c0\u6d4b\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\u9006\u5411\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u5728\u6b64\u5e94\u7528\u4e0a\u6d4b\u8bd5LEMNA\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6309\u7167 [4] \u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e862200\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u8bad\u7ec3RNN\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728O0, O1, O2, \u548c\u00a0O3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f18\u5316\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0b\u5206\u522b\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u56db\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u8868\u793a\u6210\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u5982 Figure\u00a04\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5e8f\u5217\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u6570\u503c\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3a\u201ca\u00a0function start\u201d\u6216\u8005 \u201cnot function start\u201d\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u540c\u6837\u4f9d\u636e [4] \u5c06\u957f\u5e8f\u5217\u5207\u5206\u6210\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a200\u7684\u77ed\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\u6700\u7ec8\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u8f93\u5165\u5230RNN\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528Theano\u4f5c\u4e3a\u540e\u7aef\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528Keras\u6765\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u752870%\u7684\u6837\u672c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bad\u7ec3\u4ee5\u53ca\u5269\u4e0b\u768430%\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724712.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2880 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724712.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"564\" height=\"331\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684RNN\u4f5c\u4e3aLEMNA\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u6837\u672c\uff0cLEMNA\u6a21\u62df\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u7136\u540e\u89e3\u91ca\u805a\u7c7b\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u201c\u89e3\u91ca\u201d\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u201c\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u201d\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728Figure 4\u4e2d\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u6570\u503c\u5e8f\u5217\u4ee5\u53caRNN\u6807\u5b9a\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08\u5373\u201c83\u201d\uff09\uff0cLEMNA\u6807\u5b9a\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u62e5\u6709\u6700\u5927\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c83\u201d\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u800c\u4e14LEMNA\u5c06\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u524d\u7684\u201c90\u201d\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3aRNN\u805a\u7c7b\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002LEMNA\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u53ef\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u8d85\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u9996\u5148\u4e3a\u4e86\u62df\u5408\u5c40\u90e8\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6784\u5efaN\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u6837\u672c\u6765\u505a\u6a21\u578b\u62df\u5408\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5206\u522b\u662f\u6df7\u5408\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684K\u4ee5\u53caFused Lasso\u4e2d\u7684\u9608\u503cS\u3002\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u5206\u522b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\uff1aN=500, K=6, S=1e \u2212 4.<\/p>\n<p>LEMNA\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f00\u9500\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u3002\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6837\u672c\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u5927\u6982\u662f10\u79d2\u949f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f00\u9500\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5e76\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u964d\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u5c55\u793aLEMNA\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2abaseline\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u73b0\u5728\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u9ed1\u76d2\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5 LIME\u00a0[2] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5728LIME\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u6837\u7684\u5c06500\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e3a\u62df\u5408\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6837\u672c\u57fa\u6570\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u968f\u673a\u7279\u5f81\u9009\u62e9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u968f\u673a\u5730\u9009\u62e9\u7279\u5f81\u4f5c\u4e3a\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724713.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2881 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724713.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"577\" height=\"269\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8bc4\u4f30 <\/b><\/strong>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bc4\u4f30\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e24\u6b65\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u68c0\u6d4b\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u62df\u5408\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6781\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u91ca\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u4f30\u8ba1\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u89e3\u91ca\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6765\u5c55\u793aLEMNA\u6807\u5b9a\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u805a\u7c7b\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/15470023301.png\"><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/15470023301.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"643\" height=\"232\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/15470023991.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/15470023991.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"643\" height=\"507\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u53ef\u89e3\u8bfb\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06F<strong><sub><em>x<\/em><\/sub><\/strong>\u7ea6\u675f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u5185\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fd0\u884c\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u672c\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ea7\u751f\u4e09\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u7cbe\u5ea6\u5ea6\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u653e\u8fdb\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u89c2\u6d4bpositive classification rate (PCR)\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u201cpositive\u201d\u7684\u610f\u5473\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u6837\u672c\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u8ddf\u539f\u6837\u672c\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724714.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2882 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724714.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"609\" height=\"198\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c <\/b><\/strong>\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8868\u660eLEMNA\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6307\u6807\u4e0a\u90fd\u6bd4LIME\u548c\u968f\u673a\u65b9\u6cd5\u8981\u597d\u3002\u5982Table 3\u6240\u793a\uff0cLEMNA\u6709\u7740\u6bd4LIME\u5c0f\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684RMES\u3002LIME\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u6700\u597d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f0.1532\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5b83\u4f9d\u65e7\u6bd4LEMNA\u6700\u5dee\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff080.0196\uff09\u5927\u4e86\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u5341\u500d\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u62df\u5408\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cbe\u5ea6\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Figure 6a \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u7279\u5f81\u79fb\u9664\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u79fb\u9664LEMNA\u6807\u5b9a\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u76845\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684PCR\u964d\u4f4e\u5230\u4e8625%\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u4f4e\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5267\u70c8\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u96c6\u5408\u5bf9\u4e8e\u805a\u7c7b\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u53ca\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Figure\u00a06b \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u7279\u5f81\u52a0\u5f3a\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u8ddf\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u805a\u7c7b\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u53cd\u8f6c\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u663e\u8457\u7684\u4f18\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Figure\u00a06c \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u7279\u5f81\u751f\u6210\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0cLEMNA\u6709\u540c\u6837\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u5229\u7528LEMNA\u6311\u9009\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6781\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u5f52\u7c7b\u6210\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u4e94\u4e2a\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6837\u672c\u670985%-90%\u7684\u6982\u7387\u4f1a\u88ab\u5f52\u7c7b\u6210\u539f\u6765\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6807\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724715.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2883 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724715.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"588\" height=\"746\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u89e3\u91ca\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u89e3\u91ca\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9bLEMNA\u89e3\u91ca\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7case study\u6765\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u7ed3\u679c\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\u5efa\u7acb\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5206\u7c7b\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724716.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2884 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inforsec.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/\u56fe\u724716.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"574\" height=\"326\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u7406\u89e3\u6a21\u578b\u884c\u4e3a <\/b><\/strong>\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u662f\u8bc4\u4f30\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5e76\u4e14\u5efa\u7acb\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u5ea6\u548c\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u9ad8\u7684\u805a\u7c7b\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u7406\u89e3\u6a21\u578b\u884c\u4e3a\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u89c2\u6d4b\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u6293\u53d6\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff082\uff09\u53d1\u73b0\u65b0\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u5e94\u8be5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6293\u53d6\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u9006\u5411\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u4ece\u4e1a\u8005\u5df2\u7ecf\u79ef\u7d2f\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6709\u6548\u7684\u539f\u5219\u6765\u5bfb\u627e\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u5f53\u6210\u4e86\u65e2\u5b9a\u539f\u5219\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0cABI\u8981\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u6808\u5e27\u6307\u9488\u7684\u8bdd\uff09\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5c06\u7236\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6808\u5e27\u6307\u9488\u653e\u5230\u6808\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684prologue [push ebp; mov ebp, esp]\u3002\u00a0\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u89e3\u91ca\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\u6210\u529f\u7684\u6293\u83b7\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002\u5728Table\u00a05\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5Case-1\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u4e86\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u201c55\u201d\u3002LEMNA\u8ba4\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e9b\u9ad8\u4eae\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff08\u537355\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\uff09\u662f\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u505a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u8ddf\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff08\u5373 [push ebp; mov ebp,esp]\uff09\u662f\u5339\u914d\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u5408\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u51b3\u7b56\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u5339\u914d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u539f\u5219\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e00\u4e2a\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u662f\u5426\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u9700\u8981\u80fd\u88ab\u9886\u57df\u5185\u4e13\u5bb6\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5728\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u6709\u6548\u7684\u539f\u5219\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u6548\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f88\u96be\u901a\u8fc7\u624b\u5de5\u5b8c\u5168\u603b\u7ed3\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7247\u6bb5\u57fa\u672c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u51fa\u73b0\u00a0\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u00a0_start \u51fd\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u4ece\u00a0[xor ebp, ebp; pop esi]\u5f00\u59cb\uff09\u3002\u624b\u5de5\u603b\u7ed3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u4e0d\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\uff0c \u4e00\u65e6\u88abLEMNA\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u5b89\u5168\u4e13\u5bb6\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u6548\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u8865\u5145\u3002\u5982Table 5\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5206\u6790LEMNA\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u7684\u786e\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u4e86\u65b0\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u4ee5Case-5\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c31\u201d\u88ab\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u5b57\u8282\uff08\u00a0[ed 5e]. \u201c [31 ed 5e]\uff09\u201d \u5bf9\u5e94\u7740_start\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u00a0(\u5373\u00a0[xor ebp, ebp; pop esi])\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u603b\u7ed3\u67d0\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u7684prologues \u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u89e3\u51b3\u805a\u7c7b\u9519\u8bef <\/b><\/strong>\u867d\u7136\u6df1\u5ea6\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7cbe\u786e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e0d\u8db3\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u8db3\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u88ab\u653e\u5927\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5bfb\u627e\u5230\u9519\u8bef\u805a\u7c7b\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u591f\u542f\u53d1\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u4e0d\u65f6\u7684\u4f1a\u9519\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u5982Table 5\u6240\u793a\uff08R.F.N\uff09\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f0f\u6389\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u91ca\u201c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u201d\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u4ee3\u7801\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u771f\u5b9e\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09\u8f93\u5165LEMNA\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u9009\u62e9\u90a3\u4e9b\u5bfc\u81f4\u51fd\u6570\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u4f5c\u4e3a\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u4ee5Case-10\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u201c[50 fd]\u201d \u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\u201c[jmp 0xfffffd50]\u201d\uff0c\u88ab\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u805a\u7c7b\u9519\u8bef\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u8fd9\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u8ba4\u4e3a\u540e\u9762\u768431\u4e0d\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002Case-10\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\u6837\u4f8b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c[50 fd]\u201d\u521a\u597d\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u533a\u57df.plt\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\uff08\u540e\u9762\u7d27\u8ddf\u7740_start\u51fd\u6570\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Table 5\u4e5f\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u4ee3\u7801\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09\u8f93\u5165\u5230LEMNA\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728Case-13\u4e2d\uff0cLEMNA\u6807\u5b9a\u201cc3\u201d\uff08\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\u201cret\u201d\u6307\u4ee4\uff09\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u201cret\u201d\u4f4d\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e\u4f7f\u5f97\u51fd\u6570\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u540e\u9762\u7684\u201c83\u201d\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u201cret\u201d\u88ab\u653e\u5230\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u95f4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u603b\u7ed3\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cLEMNA\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u5728\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u662f\u6807\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64LEMNA\u4f1a\u72af\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7ed3\u8bba<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86LEMNA\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u9886\u57df\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5355\u6837\u672c\u805a\u7c7b\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002LEMNA\u5c06\u76ee\u6807\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed1\u76d2\u5b50\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2aFused Lasso\u52a0\u5f3a\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u62df\u5408\u805a\u7c7b\u5668\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e86LEMNA\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u4e13\u5bb6\u5982\u4f55\u4eceLEMNA\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u6a21\u578b\u884c\u4e3a\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5206\u7c7b\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[1] Guo, Wenbo, et al. &#8220;Lemna: Explaining deep learning based security applications.&#8221;\u00a0<em><i>Proceedings of the 2018 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security<\/i><\/em>. ACM, 2018.<\/p>\n<p>[2] Ribeiro, Marco Tulio, Sameer Singh, and Carlos Guestrin. &#8220;Why should i trust you?: Explaining the predictions of any classifier.&#8221;\u00a0<em><i>Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD international conference on knowledge discovery and data mining<\/i><\/em>. ACM, 2016.<\/p>\n<p>[3] Lundberg, Scott M., and Su-In Lee. &#8220;A unified approach to interpreting model predictions.&#8221;\u00a0<em><i>Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems<\/i><\/em>. 2017.<\/p>\n<p>[4] Shin, Eui Chul Richard, Dawn Song, and Reza Moazzezi. &#8220;Recognizing Functions in Binaries with Neural Networks.&#8221;\u00a0<em><i>USENIX Security Symposium<\/i><\/em>. 2015.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e2a\u4eba\u7b80\u4ecb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u90ed\u6587\u535a\u662fPenn\u00a0State\u5c31\u8bfb\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e74\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u662f\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u9876\u7ea7\u4f1a\u8bae\u53d1\u8868\u591a\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982CCS\uff0cNeurIPS\uff0cKDD\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u83b7\u5f97CCS\u00a02018\u6700\u4f73\u8bba\u6587\u5956\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u4ed6\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u88ab\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168\u5de5\u4e1a\u754c\u9876\u7ea7\u4f1a\u8baeDEFCON\u6536\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6253\u51652018 geekpwn\u00a0CAAD\u00a0CTF\u603b\u51b3\u8d5b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Jun Xu is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science at Stevens Institute of Technology. He received his PhD degree from Pennsylvania State University and his bachelor\u2019s degree from University of Science and Technology of China. Jun has been working on software and system security for many years and he has published a group of papers at top security conferences (e.g., CCS and USENIX Security). He specializes in vulnerability finding, vulnerability analysis, and vulnerability mitigation. His recent won the outstanding paper award at ACM CCS 2018. Jun is a recipient of RSA Security Scholar Award and USTC Guo-Moruo scholarship. Jun is looking for PhD students that share his interests (http:\/\/personal.psu.edu\/~jxx13\/).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u90ed\u6587\u535a\uff08 \u5bbe\u5915\u6cd5\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\uff09\uff0cJun Xu\uff08Stevens Institute of Tec&#8230; <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/?p=2866\"> Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr; <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2866","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-research"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2866","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2866"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2866\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2895,"href":"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2866\/revisions\/2895"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2866"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2866"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/202.112.238.40\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2866"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}